What Is Acyclovir Injection?
Acyclovir injection is an antiviral medication used to treat serious viral infections caused by herpes viruses, including herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
Uses
➦ Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: Acyclovir injection is used to treat inflammation of the brain caused by the herpes simplex virus.
➦ Neonatal Herpes: It's used in newborns with herpes infections, which can be life-threatening.
➦ Severe Initial Episodes of Genital Herpes: For patients experiencing their first severe outbreak of genital herpes.
➦ Herpes Zoster (Shingles): In patients with compromised immune systems or severe cases.
➦ Prophylaxis in Immunocompromised Patients: To prevent herpesvirus infections in patients with weakened immune systems, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or organ transplants.
How Acyclovir Injection Works?
- Acyclovir works by inhibiting the viral DNA polymerase enzyme, which is essential for the replication of viral DNA.
- This action prevents the virus from multiplying and spreading in the body, helping to control the infection.
Dosage
- The dosage of acyclovir injection varies based on the type and severity of the infection, the patient's age, weight, and kidney function.
- For severe HSV infections, a typical dose might be 5-10 mg/kg every 8 hours for 7 to 14 days.
- For herpes simplex encephalitis, a higher dose is often used.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects:
- Inflammation at the injection site
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Dizziness
Serious Side Effects:
- Kidney problems (increased creatinine levels, decreased urine output)
- Neurological effects (confusion, hallucinations, seizures)
- Low blood counts (anemia, leukopenia)
- Severe allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing)
Precautions
- Kidney Function: Acyclovir is primarily excreted by the kidneys, so patients with kidney impairment require dose adjustments. Adequate hydration is important to minimize the risk of kidney damage.
- Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you're taking, especially other nephrotoxic drugs (like certain antibiotics or NSAIDs), as they can increase the risk of kidney damage.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Acyclovir is generally considered safe during pregnancy, especially in life-threatening situations, but it should be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
_01-11-24_03-01-48.jpg)
_01-11-24_04-01-42.jpg)
